Question 1

Madge took special classes from Barbie to improve her spelling.Barbie first tested Madge's current spelling ability.Barbie was not sure what teaching method would work best,so she tried 3 different ones: positive practice,positive reinforcement,and correction.She tried a different method during each class,testing Madge's spelling at the end of the day.What design was Barbie using?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alternating Treatment
B)   Changing Criterion
C)   Multiple Baseline
D)   Interaction DesignE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

A researcher assesses the effects of two different kinds of punishment on a reversible behavior.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

A)   A-B-A-B design
B)   Alternating treatments design
C)   Multiple-baseline design
D)   Changing-criterion designE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Which one of the following control strategies is not a part of the A-B-A design?

Accepted Answer

A)   repeating the treatments
B)   measuring the behavior before, during, and after treatment
C)   withdrawing the treatments
D)   obtaining a stable baselineE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

When naming single-subject designs,an "A" in the title refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   Intervention
B)   Baseline
C)   First subject
D)   ValidityE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Define and/or describe the term "statistical power".

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define and/or describe the term "statistical power"....

Question 6

The term power refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)   the probability of committing a Type I error
B)   the probability of committing a Type II error
C)   the probability that a statistical test will find a significant difference when a true difference exists in the population
D)   the probability that a statistical test will account for the unexplained variabilityE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Early researchers used the single-subject approach extensively mainly because

Accepted Answer

A)   they disdained the use of statistics
B)   they did not have regular access to groups of individuals
C)   the discovery that human traits followed the normal curve had not yet been made
D)   modern statistical methods did not yet existE) C) and D)
F) A) and B) D

Question 8

Marla conducts a study to gradually teach a poodle to jump through a flaming hoop.At each session,Marla introduces a more stringent set of guidelines before reinforcing the poodle.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

A)   changing-criterion design
B)   A-B-A-B design
C)   multiple-baseline design
D)   interaction designE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

When is the changing-criterion design an appropriate design to use? When

Accepted Answer

A)   the behavior change is reversible
B)   the behavior change is irreversible
C)   the behavior is difficult to measure
D)   it is impossible to obtain stable baseline behaviorE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

I obtained a baseline level of John's cooking behavior of 25% of the meals without praise.I then highly praised his cooking behavior,and it increased to 85% of the meals.Later,I stopped praising his cooking,and his behavior began to drop back to its baseline level.What sort of design was I using?

Accepted Answer

A)   Multiple Baseline
B)   ABA
C)   Alternating-treatments
D)   Reversal ReplicationE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

A researcher conducts a study to bring about permanent changes in three different behaviors in a single subject.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Accepted Answer

A)   A-B-A-B design
B)   interaction design
C)   multiple-baseline design
D)   changing-criterion designE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The discovery that human traits followed the normal curve was made by

Accepted Answer

A)   Sir Francis Galton
B)   R.A. Fisher
C)  E.B. Titchener
D)   Adolphe Quetelet
E)  B. TitchenerF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

A major advantage of single-subject research over group research is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the researcher does not have to be concerned with validity
B)   the knowledge gained can also be generalized to groups
C)   Individuals always act as their own controls
D)   it is better suited for answering the question: "Which factor is the most effective?"E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

A single-subject research design that manipulates treatments one at a time to determine their effect is the:

Accepted Answer

A)   multiple-baseline design
B)   changing criterion design
C)   alternating treatments design
D)   A-B-A-B designE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Maya wanted to learn to play the piano well,but she hated to practice.Her teacher felt that she should be practicing for an hour a day,but she just couldn't manage to do it.Her mother made a deal with her.Maya would be asked to practice twice a day,and each time that she practiced for 30 minutes,she would receive a reward.Her mother told her that since she wasn't sure which reward would be best for her,she would receive either extra dessert after dinner or $2.00 for each practice that lasted 30 minutes.Her mother alternated the rewards,and kept track of which system resulted in the most immediate increases in the number of minutes practiced.Maya's mother found that the money improved the practice best.
a.What was the Independent Variable(s)?
b.What was the Dependent Variable(s)?
c.What Single Subject design is used in the story?
d.Draw a graph to illustrate the design.

Accepted Answer

a. The independent variable in this scen...

Question 16

Consider the following hypothetical experiment: A researcher conducted a study to decrease the frequency with which a college professor used the words "uh" and "you know" during his lectures.The treatment consisted of a small signal at the back of the room which the experimenter flashed each time the professor uttered one of the verbal phrases targeted for extinction.An A-B-A design was used to assess the treatment effect.The results indicated a high baseline frequency of the behaviors,followed by a dramatic decrease in frequency when the treatment was initiated.The behaviors increased again when the treatment was withdrawn.Describe an alternative single-subject design that might be used to demonstrate a treatment effect.

Accepted Answer

An alternative single-subject design that could be used to demonstrate a treatment effect in this scenario is a multiple baseline design. In this design, the treatment is implemented at different times for different behaviors or in different settings for the same behavior. For example, the researcher could implement the treatment for the use of "uh" and "you know" in one lecture, while keeping the treatment withdrawn in another lecture as a control. This allows for a comparison of the behavior across different conditions and provides a stronger demonstration of the treatment effect. Additionally, by implementing the treatment at different times or in different settings, the researcher can also demonstrate the generalizability of the treatment effect. This design would provide a more robust demonstration of the effectiveness of the treatment in reducing the frequency of the targeted verbal phrases.

Question 17

Which one of the following strategies is not a basic control strategy in single-subject research?

Accepted Answer

A)   withdrawing the treatment
B)   repeating treatments
C)   using multiple baselines
D)   changing more than one variable at a timeE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Obtaining baseline stability:

Accepted Answer

A)   is an objective process
B)   is not always possible
C)   is always necessary
D)   can best be accomplished using modern statistical methodsE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Compare and contrast group designs with the single-subject approach.What are the advantages of the single-subject design? Disadvantages?

Accepted Answer

Group designs and single-subject designs...

Question 20

A major advantage of single-subject research compared to group research is that

Accepted Answer

A)   The experiment can be modified on the spot, allowing flexibility in design
B)   There are no ethical problems with single-subject designs
C)   There are no practical problems with single-subject designs
D)   Group designs cannot detect differences wellE) A) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Exam 13: Single-Subject Experiments

Correct Answer
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A researcher assesses the effects of two different kinds of punishment on a reversible behavior.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following control strategies is not a part of the A-B-A design?

Correct Answer
verified

When naming single-subject designs,an "A" in the title refers to the

Correct Answer
verified

Define and/or describe the term "statistical power".

Correct Answer
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The term power refers to:

Correct Answer
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Early researchers used the single-subject approach extensively mainly because

Correct Answer
verified
D

Marla conducts a study to gradually teach a poodle to jump through a flaming hoop.At each session,Marla introduces a more stringent set of guidelines before reinforcing the poodle.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Correct Answer
verified

When is the changing-criterion design an appropriate design to use? When

Correct Answer
verified

I obtained a baseline level of John's cooking behavior of 25% of the meals without praise.I then highly praised his cooking behavior,and it increased to 85% of the meals.Later,I stopped praising his cooking,and his behavior began to drop back to its baseline level.What sort of design was I using?

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher conducts a study to bring about permanent changes in three different behaviors in a single subject.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Correct Answer
verified

The discovery that human traits followed the normal curve was made by

Correct Answer
verified

A major advantage of single-subject research over group research is that

Correct Answer
verified

A single-subject research design that manipulates treatments one at a time to determine their effect is the:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
a. The independent variable in this scen...
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Which one of the following strategies is not a basic control strategy in single-subject research?

Correct Answer
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Obtaining baseline stability:

Correct Answer
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Compare and contrast group designs with the single-subject approach.What are the advantages of the single-subject design? Disadvantages?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Group designs and single-subject designs...
View Answer

A major advantage of single-subject research compared to group research is that

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A

Exam 13: Single-Subject Experiments

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher assesses the effects of two different kinds of punishment on a reversible behavior.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following control strategies is not a part of the A-B-A design?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When naming single-subject designs,an "A" in the title refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define and/or describe the term "statistical power".

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term power refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Early researchers used the single-subject approach extensively mainly because

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Marla conducts a study to gradually teach a poodle to jump through a flaming hoop.At each session,Marla introduces a more stringent set of guidelines before reinforcing the poodle.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When is the changing-criterion design an appropriate design to use? When

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

I obtained a baseline level of John's cooking behavior of 25% of the meals without praise.I then highly praised his cooking behavior,and it increased to 85% of the meals.Later,I stopped praising his cooking,and his behavior began to drop back to its baseline level.What sort of design was I using?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher conducts a study to bring about permanent changes in three different behaviors in a single subject.Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The discovery that human traits followed the normal curve was made by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major advantage of single-subject research over group research is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A single-subject research design that manipulates treatments one at a time to determine their effect is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIa. The independent variable in this scen...View AnswerShow Answer

Which one of the following strategies is not a basic control strategy in single-subject research?

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Obtaining baseline stability:

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Compare and contrast group designs with the single-subject approach.What are the advantages of the single-subject design? Disadvantages?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIGroup designs and single-subject designs...View AnswerShow Answer

A major advantage of single-subject research compared to group research is that

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D

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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
a. The independent variable in this scen...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Group designs and single-subject designs...
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A