Question 1

The axons of which type of cell form the optic nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)   bipolar
B)   amacrine
C)   ganglion
D)   horizontalE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Retinal disparity is when the two eyes send _____ and allows us to see ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   two completely different images; movement
B)   two completely different images; depth
C)   slightly overlapping images; depth
D)   slightly overlapping images; movementE) All of the above
F) A) and B) C

Question 3

Small black print on a white background is an example of a stimulus with _________ frequency and _________ contrast.

Accepted Answer

A)   high; high
B)   high; low
C)   low; high
D)   low; lowE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Photoreceptors release which of the following neurotransmitters when depolarized?

Accepted Answer

A)   substance P
B)   serotonin
C)   gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB
A)  
D)   glutamateE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Binocular cells respond most vigorously when

Accepted Answer

A)   a grating appears different than a uniformly colored disk.
B)   an object is moving.
C)   when a person is scanning a painting that uses perspective to achieve an impression of depth.
D)   both eyes are looking at the same feature of an object.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

What is the approximate ratio of on-center bipolar cells to off-center bipolar cells in the human retina?

Accepted Answer

A)   1:1
B)   2:1
C)   5:1
D)   10:1E) None of the above
F) C) and D) A

Question 7

Trevor is studying for a quiz. He writes in his notes that the superior colliculus is needed for

Accepted Answer

A)   setting circadian rhythms.
B)   recognizing faces of people he knows.
C)   guiding visual movements.
D)   being able to see color.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Samuel lost vision in his right eye due to an accident. Samuel must use great care while driving because his

Accepted Answer

A)   color vision has been distorted.
B)   depth perception will not be as accurate as before his accident.
C)   peripheral vision is no longer functional.
D)   scotopic vision will be distorted.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Myles has hyperopia and his sister has myopia. What is occurring with their visual abilities?

Accepted Answer

Myles is farsighted meaning that he cann...

Question 10

Professor Savedra tells his class that the human eye contains around _____ million cones.

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   100
C)   150
D)   300E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Jennifer has been assessing the rate at which neurotransmitters are being released by a population of rods. So far she has observed a very low rate of release, which most likely means that the rods are

Accepted Answer

A)   completely in the dark.
B)   being exposed to dim light.
C)   being exposed to bright light.
D)   no longer functioning normally.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

When Tana stares directly at an object, the light from that object is projected onto the center of her

Accepted Answer

A)   optic disk.
B)   anterior chamber.
C)   sclera.
D)   macula.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Antagonistic center-surround organization means that

Accepted Answer

A)   photoreceptors in the fovea will suppress input from photoreceptors in the periphery of the eye.
B)   photoreceptors in the periphery of the eye will suppress input from photoreceptors in the fovea.
C)   light falling on the center of a receptive field has the opposite effect than light falling on the surround.
D)   light falling on the center of a receptive field has the identical effect as light falling on the surround.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Professor Toomer tells his class that all of the following influence eye color except

Accepted Answer

A)   the amount of melanin in the iris.
B)   reflection of light by the blood vessels and tissue in the iris.
C)   absorption of light by the blood vessels and tissue in the iris.
D)   the thickness of the cornea.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 15

Cone photopigments differ from rhodopsin in that they

Accepted Answer

A)   respond to black and white as opposed to color.
B)   require more light before breaking apart.
C)   take longer to synthesize.
D)   are not contained in the photoreceptor outer segment.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

A sweater looks blue because it has properties that

Accepted Answer

A)   reflect short wavelengths while absorbing longer wavelengths.
B)   reflect long wavelengths while absorbing shorter wavelengths.
C)   refract short wavelengths while absorbing longer wavelengths.
D)   refract long wavelengths while absorbing shorter wavelengths.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Rhodopsin absorbs photons most effectively from wavelengths that appear

Accepted Answer

A)   red.
B)   yellow.
C)   blue-green.
D)   violet.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

Photoreceptors absorb light in their

Accepted Answer

A)   axons.
B)   dendrites.
C)   outer segments.
D)   inner segments.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

In which of the following ways do ganglion cells differ from the other cells in the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are active only when light is present.
B)   They produce graded potentials instead of conventional action potentials.
C)   They produce conventional action potentials instead of graded potentials.
D)   They contain larger quantities of photopigment.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following cells form a system that lies parallel to the back of the eye and integrates information across the surface of the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)   bipolar cells and ganglion cells
B)   photoreceptors and bipolar cells
C)   horizontal cells and amacrine cells
D)   amacrine cells and ganglion cellsE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 6: Vision

The axons of which type of cell form the optic nerve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Retinal disparity is when the two eyes send _____ and allows us to see ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Small black print on a white background is an example of a stimulus with _________ frequency and _________ contrast.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Photoreceptors release which of the following neurotransmitters when depolarized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Binocular cells respond most vigorously when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the approximate ratio of on-center bipolar cells to off-center bipolar cells in the human retina?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Trevor is studying for a quiz. He writes in his notes that the superior colliculus is needed for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Samuel lost vision in his right eye due to an accident. Samuel must use great care while driving because his

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myles has hyperopia and his sister has myopia. What is occurring with their visual abilities?

Correct AnswerverifiedMyles is farsighted meaning that he cann...View AnswerShow Answer

Professor Savedra tells his class that the human eye contains around _____ million cones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jennifer has been assessing the rate at which neurotransmitters are being released by a population of rods. So far she has observed a very low rate of release, which most likely means that the rods are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Tana stares directly at an object, the light from that object is projected onto the center of her

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antagonistic center-surround organization means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Toomer tells his class that all of the following influence eye color except

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Cone photopigments differ from rhodopsin in that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sweater looks blue because it has properties that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rhodopsin absorbs photons most effectively from wavelengths that appear

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Photoreceptors absorb light in their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following ways do ganglion cells differ from the other cells in the retina?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cells form a system that lies parallel to the back of the eye and integrates information across the surface of the retina?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Retinal disparity is when the two eyes send _ and allows us to see .

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C

Small black print on a white background is an example of a stimulus with _ frequency and _ contrast.

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A

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Myles is farsighted meaning that he cann...
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D

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