Question 1

Which of the following is an argument in favor of ethical egoism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ethical egoism is supported by verses in the Bible.
B)   People are naturally altruistic.
C)   The community can benefit when individuals put their well-being first.
D)   It is not true that people naturally act in their own long-term self-interest.
E)   Ethical egoism treats all persons as moral equals.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

A right that another can guarantee by leaving you alone to exercise the right is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   positive right.
B)   negative right.
C)   absolute right.
D)   limited right.
E)   proverbial right.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The problem of moral luck is raised as a criticism of

Accepted Answer

A)   the divine command theory.
B)   act utilitarianism.
C)   rule utilitarianism.
D)   cultural relativism.
E)   Kantianism.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 4

The idea that social and economic inequalities must be to the greatest benefit of the least- advantaged members of society is called

Accepted Answer

A)   capitalism.
B)   communism.
C)   socialism.
D)   utilitarianism.
E)   the difference principle.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

A character trait that prevents a human being from flourishing or become truly happy is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   fatal attraction.
B)   inverse virtue.
C)   negative virtue.
D)   tragic flaw.
E)   vice.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Ethics is

Accepted Answer

A)   a rational examination of people's moral beliefs.
B)   a branch of philosophy.
C)   one way to determine which activities are "good" and which are "bad."
D)   a field of study more than 2,000 years old.
E)   All of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The divine command theory is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   relativism.
B)   objectivism.
C)   egoism.
D)   existentialism.
E)   materialism.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Rules of conduct describing what people ought and ought not to do in various situations are called

Accepted Answer

A)   denominations.
B)   ideals.
C)   morality.
D)   philosophy.
E)   virtues.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 9

According to James Moor, taking "the ethical point of view" means

Accepted Answer

A)   abiding by your religious beliefs.
B)   deciding that other people and their core values are worthy of your respect.
C)   choosing to sacrifice your own good for the good of someone else.
D)   putting self-interest above the interests of everyone else.
E)   refusing to accept help from other people.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

According to Aristotle, deriving pleasure from a virtuous act is a sign that you

Accepted Answer

A)   have developed the virtue.
B)   have not yet developed the virtue.
C)   are egotistical.
D)   are hedonistic.
E)   have not done enough good deeds lately.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

A relativist claims that

Accepted Answer

A)   there are no universal moral principles.
B)   morality has an existence outside the human mind.
C)   morality and law are identical.
D)   there is no such thing as free will.
E)   God does not exist.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Utilitarianism is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a consequentialist theory.
B)   the social contract theory.
C)   a non-consequentialist theory.
D)   a practical implementation of the divine command theory.
E)   a relativistic theory.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Modern writers often refer to moral virtues as

Accepted Answer

A)   intellectual virtues.
B)   philosophical virtues.
C)   psychological virtues.
D)   social virtues.
E)   virtues of character.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

A right that is guaranteed without exception is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   positive right.
B)   negative right.
C)   absolute right.
D)   limited right.
E)   proverbial right.F) All of the above
G) None of the above C

Question 15

Two philosophers closely associated with utilitarianism are

Accepted Answer

A)   Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.
B)   Immanuel Kant and Jeremy Bentham.
C)   Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill.
D)   John Stuart Mill and John Rawls.
E)   Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Rawls.F) None of the above
G) A) and C) A

Question 16

According to Aristotle, moral virtue results from

Accepted Answer

A)   a good education.
B)   living a long life.
C)   a happy marriage and loving family.
D)   repetition of the appropriate acts.
E)   All of the above.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

An association of people organized under a system of rules designed to advance the good of its members over time is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   business.
B)   constitution.
C)   government.
D)   monopoly.
E)   society.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

According to Kant, the moral value of an action depends upon

Accepted Answer

A)   its consequences.
B)   the underlying moral rule.
C)   how closely it aligns with Biblical teachings.
D)   how closely it aligns with the law.
E)   the extent to which it produces happiness.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

According to the second formulation of the Categorical Imperative,

Accepted Answer

A)   the moral worth of a person depends upon that person's actions.
B)   one good turn deserves another.
C)   bad deeds should be punished.
D)   it is wrong for one person to "use" another.
E)   the moral worth of a person depends upon that person's intentions.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above D

Question 20

Utilitarianism does not mean "the greatest good of the greatest number" because

Accepted Answer

A)   it is impossible to calculate "the greatest good."
B)   it focuses solely on "the greatest good" and pays no attention to how "the good" is distributed.
C)   some people have no moral worth.
D)   it is impossible to maximize "the good" without ruining the environment.
E)   All of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Exam 2: Introduction to Ethics

Which of the following is an argument in favor of ethical egoism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A right that another can guarantee by leaving you alone to exercise the right is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The problem of moral luck is raised as a criticism of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that social and economic inequalities must be to the greatest benefit of the least- advantaged members of society is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A character trait that prevents a human being from flourishing or become truly happy is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ethics is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The divine command theory is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rules of conduct describing what people ought and ought not to do in various situations are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to James Moor, taking "the ethical point of view" means

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Aristotle, deriving pleasure from a virtuous act is a sign that you

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A relativist claims that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Utilitarianism is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Modern writers often refer to moral virtues as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A right that is guaranteed without exception is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Two philosophers closely associated with utilitarianism are

Correct AnswerverifiedA

According to Aristotle, moral virtue results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An association of people organized under a system of rules designed to advance the good of its members over time is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Kant, the moral value of an action depends upon

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the second formulation of the Categorical Imperative,

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Utilitarianism does not mean "the greatest good of the greatest number" because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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A

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D

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