Question 1

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist. To assess her potential, she would most likely compare herself to

Accepted Answer

A)   her parents.
B)   famous social psychologists whose research she has read.
C)   other psychology majors she knows.
D)   Sigmund Freud.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following people is using ingratiation as a self-presentational tactic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Edwin, who recites all the fellowships he has received
B)   Kurt, who gets drunk the night before his midterm examination
C)   Iman, who brings her boss coffee and offers to do other favors for her
D)   Becky, who plays helpless in order to get her boyfriend's attentionE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

According to the authors of your text, one major problem with preparing excuses in advance of possible failure is that

Accepted Answer

A)   we may come to believe those excuses and exert less effort to succeed.
B)   others may believe our excuses and make us the object of pity.
C)   an excess of excuses can lead to negative attributions of irresponsibility.
D)   when people believe our excuses, we overestimate our abilities.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

When people make an upward social comparison, they are comparing themselves to

Accepted Answer

A)   someone who is better than they are.
B)   someone who is worse off than they are.
C)   someone who is similar to them.
D)   the first person they encounter.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

There are some striking gender differences in men's and women's views of the interdependent self. The authors note that such gender differences are

Accepted Answer

A)   only true in Japan.
B)   attributed to biological differences between men and women.
C)   far fewer than are similarities between men and women.
D)   only found in adults, never children.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

When asked to explain our own behaviors, self-perception processes are more likely to operate when our feelings are ________ and when we ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   weak or unclear; list the reasons for those feelings
B)   clear; engage in introspection
C)   weak or unclear; think about the situation and our behavior
D)   clear; think about the situation and our behaviorE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

When we are in a state of ________, we evaluate or compare our current behavior against our internal standards and values.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-awareness
B)   self-centeredness
C)   self-perception
D)   distractionE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Jenny is trying to decide how she feels about Garth, so she sits down and lists the reasons why she feels the way she does. By doing this, Jenny runs the risk of incurring a

Accepted Answer

A)   feelings-generated attitude change.
B)   reasons-generated attitude change.
C)   misattribution of arousal.
D)   broken heart.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Mrs. Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading. She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards. However, in using these, she must also be careful to ________ so that using the rewards does not backfire.

Accepted Answer

A)   avoid having the students compete with one another
B)   encourage cooperation among students
C)   encourage students to write about what they read
D)   avoid making students tense about being evaluatedE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye on his head when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Accepted Answer

A)   a one-year-old human infant
B)   an adult chimpanzee
C)   an adult sloth
D)   an infant rhinocerosE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if ________, but negative effects if ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   it comes from the parents; it comes from teachers
B)   it focuses on comparing children to their peers; it conveys overly high expectations
C)   it makes children feel like competent, hard workers; it makes children feel like they did the activity in order to get the reward
D)   it focuses on the child's level of ability; it focuses on the child's level of effortE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

In order to gauge whether he had studied long enough for his psychology exam, Markus texted two of his classmates to ask them how long they had spent reviewing material. Markus is engaging in

Accepted Answer

A)   impression management.
B)   self-handicapping.
C)   a self-protective behavior.
D)   social comparison.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

________ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts, feelings, and motives.

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-actualization
B)   Introspection
C)   Implicit personality
D)   Self-examinationE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

________ occur(s)  when people assume that their "true" attitudes match the underlying reasons that seem plausible or that are easy to verbalize in the moment.

Accepted Answer

A)   Escape from self-awareness
B)   Dissonance reduction
C)   Overjustification effects
D)   Reasons-generated attitude changeE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

According to studies discussed in the text, one consequence of analyzing or generating reasons for their attitudes is that people will

Accepted Answer

A)   change their attitudes to bring them in line with the reasons.
B)   change their list of reasons to bring them in line with their attitudes.
C)   become self-aware and hold less positive attitudes.
D)   alter their behaviors to correspond to their original attitudes.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The mindset that our abilities are malleable qualities that we can cultivate and nurture best describes a ________ mindset.

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed
B)   growth
C)   intrinsic
D)   overjustifiedE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

According to information presented in the textbook, researchers found that in order to feel more optimistic about their own futures, cancer patients engage in

Accepted Answer

A)   upward social comparison.
B)   impression management.
C)   reconstructive memory.
D)   downward social comparison.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

While completing a personality test, Craig comes to an item that asks him if he sees himself as shy and introverted. Craig reflects on some of his recent behavior. He reasons that since he generally does not talk much in class discussions and tends to avoid large parties, he must be shy and introverted. Which of the following strategies for self-knowledge is Craig using?

Accepted Answer

A)   self-presentation
B)   self-perception
C)   self-esteem
D)   self-enhancementE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Lisa is most likely to conclude that she likes classical music when

Accepted Answer

A)   she has preset her car radio to a classical music station.
B)   she cannot pick up other stations on her car radio.
C)   her husband chooses the stations on the car radio.
D)   the car radio is broken-stuck on the classical music station-and she cannot change stations.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Women are most often awarded custody of their children because of the belief that they are the best custodians of children, even though we know that women commit infanticide and abuse. Our belief represents

Accepted Answer

A)   an extrinsic motivation.
B)   a causal theory.
C)   an external attribution.
D)   terror management theory.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye on his head when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Correct Answer
verified

In order to gauge whether he had studied long enough for his psychology exam, Markus texted two of his classmates to ask them how long they had spent reviewing material. Markus is engaging in

Correct Answer
verified

When we are in a state of ________, we evaluate or compare our current behavior against our internal standards and values.

Correct Answer
verified

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist. To assess her potential, she would most likely compare herself to

Correct Answer
verified

According to information presented in the textbook, researchers found that in order to feel more optimistic about their own futures, cancer patients engage in

Correct Answer
verified

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if , but negative effects if .

Correct Answer
verified

According to studies discussed in the text, one consequence of analyzing or generating reasons for their attitudes is that people will

Correct Answer
verified

Women are most often awarded custody of their children because of the belief that they are the best custodians of children, even though we know that women commit infanticide and abuse. Our belief represents

Correct Answer
verified

The mindset that our abilities are malleable qualities that we can cultivate and nurture best describes a ________ mindset.

Correct Answer
verified

When asked to explain our own behaviors, self-perception processes are more likely to operate when our feelings are and when we .

Correct Answer
verified

There are some striking gender differences in men's and women's views of the interdependent self. The authors note that such gender differences are

Correct Answer
verified

When people make an upward social comparison, they are comparing themselves to

Correct Answer
verified

________ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts, feelings, and motives.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the authors of your text, one major problem with preparing excuses in advance of possible failure is that

Correct Answer
verified

________ occur(s) when people assume that their "true" attitudes match the underlying reasons that seem plausible or that are easy to verbalize in the moment.

Correct Answer
verified

Jenny is trying to decide how she feels about Garth, so she sits down and lists the reasons why she feels the way she does. By doing this, Jenny runs the risk of incurring a

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Lisa is most likely to conclude that she likes classical music when

Correct Answer
verified

Mrs. Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading. She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards. However, in using these, she must also be careful to ________ so that using the rewards does not backfire.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following people is using ingratiation as a self-presentational tactic?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Which of the following would be most likely to reach to touch a spot of red dye on his head when seeing his or her reflection in a mirror?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to gauge whether he had studied long enough for his psychology exam, Markus texted two of his classmates to ask them how long they had spent reviewing material. Markus is engaging in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we are in a state of ________, we evaluate or compare our current behavior against our internal standards and values.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mariana wonders whether she has the potential to become a first-rate social psychologist. To assess her potential, she would most likely compare herself to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to information presented in the textbook, researchers found that in order to feel more optimistic about their own futures, cancer patients engage in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if ________, but negative effects if ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to studies discussed in the text, one consequence of analyzing or generating reasons for their attitudes is that people will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Women are most often awarded custody of their children because of the belief that they are the best custodians of children, even though we know that women commit infanticide and abuse. Our belief represents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mindset that our abilities are malleable qualities that we can cultivate and nurture best describes a ________ mindset.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When asked to explain our own behaviors, self-perception processes are more likely to operate when our feelings are ________ and when we ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are some striking gender differences in men's and women's views of the interdependent self. The authors note that such gender differences are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people make an upward social comparison, they are comparing themselves to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ refers to the process of looking inward and examining our thoughts, feelings, and motives.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the authors of your text, one major problem with preparing excuses in advance of possible failure is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ occur(s) when people assume that their "true" attitudes match the underlying reasons that seem plausible or that are easy to verbalize in the moment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jenny is trying to decide how she feels about Garth, so she sits down and lists the reasons why she feels the way she does. By doing this, Jenny runs the risk of incurring a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lisa is most likely to conclude that she likes classical music when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mrs. Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading. She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards. However, in using these, she must also be careful to ________ so that using the rewards does not backfire.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following people is using ingratiation as a self-presentational tactic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Praising children for their performance has positive effects if , but negative effects if .

Correct Answer
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When asked to explain our own behaviors, self-perception processes are more likely to operate when our feelings are and when we .

Correct Answer
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